face="Times New Roman Star"1 handful 2 pinch(ful) 3 barb of the fish-fork hook
face="Times New Roman Star"1 горсть, пригоршня 2 щепотка 3 бородка, зазубрина крючка остроги
face="Times New Roman Star"atym 2, atky 'weft; wooden fork; strap on footwear, scarf'
face="Times New Roman Star"atqyry (dial.) 'cross-beam'
face="Times New Roman Star"o|tim 2
face="Times New Roman Star"atGy 'cross-bar', atym 2
face="Times New Roman Star"atym 2
face="Times New Roman Star"atqaq 3
face="Times New Roman Star"ydam 'armful'
face="Times New Roman Star"adym 1, atqaq 3, atpaq 'hanger for horse harness', atpaq-ta-l- 'to hitch on to smth.', atpan|na- 'grasp (of a child)'
face="Times New Roman Star"atym 2
face="Times New Roman Star"Егоров 344, Мудрак Дисс. 85, VEWT 31. If we exclude obvious loans from Mong. adqu-, all the other forms clearly fall into two types. 1) PT *a.tym 'handful, pinchful' 2) PT *Atky- 'smth. hitched, clutching, clinging'. The latter (Tuva atkak) is linked in EDT 47 with OUygh. atqaq 'vikalpa'. There is a number of OUygh. Buddhist terms that can be derived from a stem meaning 'grasp, hitch': atqaq '1) vikalpa, attachment to the material world (whence borrowed in Mong. atqag| 'illusion, prejudice'), 2) vis.aya, 'idea, notion, subject', atqaq-lyg| 'appertaining to smth.', atqa-n- 'be connected, clinging to (the material world)', atqa-nc?-syz 'devoid of sense perceptions', atqang|u 'vis.aya', atqang|u-lug| 'correlated' (cf. (alquqa) atqang|ulug| tutz?|aqlyg| 'correlated (with everything) (and) grasping (everything)'), see ДТС 68, EDT 47. This all seems to indicate a primary root *a.t- meaning both 'to cling, hitch on to smth., grasp' and 'a grasp, handful' (also 'armful' if we take into account the Chuv. meaning). Note that in Siberian languages this root (*a.t-ka-k) is additionally confused with the local word for 'gills' - which has a quite separate Altaic origin (see under *p`a/ta\(kV) 'fish fin').
face="Times New Roman Star"1 to wear out (intr.), decay 2 to cease, stop 3 to tire 4 to be destroyed
face="Times New Roman Star"1 изнашиваться, стареть 2 прекращаться 3 уставать 4 развалиться, разрушиться
face="Times New Roman Star"uwa-l-, wa-l- 1, 3, 4 (dial., ТТДС 112, 451)
face="Times New Roman Star"u:ra- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"u:ra- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"yvъn- 3
face="Times New Roman Star"u:raj- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"ura- 4
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 356, 515. Kalm. o:r- 'to fall apart, become spoiled' may be < Turkic, but the immediate source is unclear (Tat.?). The Chuv. form may be a dialectal variant of ylъn-, see Егоров 342, Федотов 2, 468.
face="Times New Roman Star"Turk. > MMong. (MA, LHa) quma id. (although Doerfer TMN 1, 415 suggests the opposite direction of loan - which is dubious because of the isolated nature of the MMong. form).
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 107, 110; EDT 404, 412. Turk. > MMong. (HY 20) c?ix, WMong. c?ig, Khalkha c?ig, Ord. c?i:g 'bamboo screen'. The Nogh. form may be a compound; for the second part cf. *byn/an.
face="Times New Roman Star"1 to rout 2 to lead smth. aside 3 to take smb. along
face="Times New Roman Star"1 выгонять, обращать в бегство 2 отводить в сторону 3 брать кого-л. с собой
face="Times New Roman Star"jaj- (Ongin) 1, jan/-
face="Times New Roman Star"sajys- 3
face="Times New Roman Star"c?aj- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 942. Cf. also *jaj-ra- 'to fall apart' (VEWT 179, ЭСТЯ 4, 80); the root is somewhat hard to distinguish from *ja:j- 'to shake' - but seems to be distinct.
face="Times New Roman Star"1 very, strongly 2 strong, powerful 3 healthy 4 power 5 compact, dense (of earth) 6 to become strong 7 virgin soil
face="Times New Roman Star"1 очень, сильно, чрезвычайно 2 крепкий, сильный, мощный 3 здоровый 4 сила, мочь 5 залежный, плотный (о земле) 6 окрепнуть 7 целина
face="Times New Roman Star"tin| u"rki 'recent' (OUygh. - ДТС)
face="Times New Roman Star"din 1, dinc? 2, 3
face="Times New Roman Star"tin-ka 4, tin| 5
face="Times New Roman Star"tin| 5
face="Times New Roman Star"din| 1, din|e 'only'
face="Times New Roman Star"tyn| 2
face="Times New Roman Star"tyn| 1
face="Times New Roman Star"tyn| 2
face="Times New Roman Star"tъnk 'crammed, stuffed'
face="Times New Roman Star"tyn| 2
face="Times New Roman Star"tyn| 2
face="Times New Roman Star"dyn| 1, dyn|zyg| 2
face="Times New Roman Star"dyn|zy- 6
face="Times New Roman Star"tyn| 2, tyn|- 6
face="Times New Roman Star"tyn| 2, 7, tyn|-aj- 6
face="Times New Roman Star"dinc? 2
face="Times New Roman Star"tyn| 7
face="Times New Roman Star"tyn 7
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 478, Stachowski 238. Turk. > WMong. c?in|, c?in|g|a (KW 437, 441), whence Nan. c?i.n|qi. et al. (ТМС 2, 397). Derivatives with the meaning 'healthy' in ЭСТЯ 3, 344-345 are erroneously attributed to dyn- 'rest'; Yak. tyn|, dyn| 'strained, tense' belongs not here (despite VEWT, but to tyn|- 'pull, stretch').
face="Times New Roman Star"arus?y arqag|y (Ough.) 1
face="Times New Roman Star"arqag| (MK, IM) 1, arys? 2
face="Times New Roman Star"arg|ac? (-z?|y) 1, eris?, Osm. arys? 2
face="Times New Roman Star"arg|ac? (Sangl.) 1, arys? (Sangl.) 2
face="Times New Roman Star"dial. arg|a 1
face="Times New Roman Star"arqaq 1
face="Times New Roman Star"arg|az?| 1, a"ris? 2
face="Times New Roman Star"arGac? 1, arGa- 'шить кое-как', eris? 2
face="Times New Roman Star"arg|a- 'вышивать гладью'
face="Times New Roman Star"arku: 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ura 1
face="Times New Roman Star"eris? 2
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 25, 26 (confused with *arka-), EDT 216, 239, ЭСТЯ 1, 170, Федотов 2, 284, Лексика 396. Turk. > WMong. arqag|, Kalm. arx@g| (KW 14, Щербак 1997, 101). The front row variant *eril/ is peculiar: it may reflect a merger with a different root, reflected in Chuv. arla- `to spin', with possible parallels in Mong. ere- `to wind, tie round', Nan. (Kur-Urm.) erin `band, necking' (ТМС 2, 463).
